Report

The quiet hum of a highly productive economy

10.6.24 2024

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It’s 2040. The UK is directly feeling the benefits of its 2030s quantum innovation and is now running a highly productive economy. You can feel and almost hear a constant, powerful hum. It’s the soundtrack to a new era of British innovation and prosperity: the hum of quantum technology.

 
It will quite literally change the ground beneath our feet. With quantum sensors, we’ll be able to map underground infrastructure with unprecedented precision, optimizing construction and reducing costs.

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Quantum optimization algorithms will help us design smarter, more sustainable cities that use energy more efficiently. And quantum-secured communication networks will ensure the resilience and integrity of our digital infrastructure.

Over the next decade, quantum technology will become an integral part of our economic landscape, as essential as the roads we drive on or the power grid that keeps the lights on. It will be the unseen force driving innovation, efficiency, and growth across every sector. The hum of our highly productive economy.

Quantum Sensing

One of the most exciting areas where quantum is making a difference today is sensing. A team at the University of Birmingham, in collaboration with the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, RSK Group, and Teledyne e2v, has successfully demonstrated a quantum gravity gradiometer that can detect a buried tunnel 1 meter underground. They are calling it the ‘Google Maps of the underground.’

Quantum technology will also enable us to create smarter, more efficient power grids that can adapt to fluctuations in supply and demand in real-time. E.ON, a major energy company, has used quantum annealing to optimize its power grid operations.

Qubit Engineering is using quantum-inspired capabilities available on the Azure Quantum platform to optimize wind farm layouts and, in doing so, capture more available energy with the same physical wind farm assets. The list goes on. The quantum hum grows louder by the day.

Enhanced Decision Making

Quantum optimization algorithms might one day help architects and engineers design structures that are more resilient and sustainable, where every building is equipped with a network of quantum sensors, continuously monitoring its structural integrity and energy efficiency.

But perhaps most excitingly, quantum technology will transform the way we make decisions. From urban planning to resource allocation to policymaking, many of the most consequential choices we face involve navigating vast amounts of complex, often contradictory data.

The UK’s Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) has worked with PA Consulting to develop prototype tools that leverage a hybrid of classical and quantum computing techniques. These tools can rapidly explore the trade-offs involved in high-stakes decisions, such as optimizing resource allocation, mitigating risks, and balancing competing objectives.

A World-Class Ecosystem

If the UK is to lead the quantum revolution, we must also create an ecosystem that nurtures innovation, attracts top talent, and supports the growth of quantum businesses. This means investing in state-of-the-art laboratories, computing facilities, and testing environments—the kind of spaces where brilliant minds can come together to push the boundaries of what’s possible.

We’re already seeing the impact of this approach in places like Oxford and Cambridge. These quantum clusters are attracting companies and talent from around the world. Oxford University, for instance, is “the UK’s largest and most diverse centre for quantum research,” with 38 separate research teams and around 200 researchers. But to supercharge our quantum ecosystem, we need to ensure a robust flow of investment. Quantum technologies are still in their early stages, and bringing them to maturity will require patient, long-term funding.

The Challenges Ahead

Nurturing a world-leading quantum ecosystem is not without its challenges. As our quantum companies grow and scale, they will face increasing competition for talent and investment from other global tech hubs. There is a risk that some of our most promising startups could be lured away to Silicon Valley or the deep pockets of Chinese investors.

But the hum of the quantum revolution is growing louder. By nurturing our quantum talent, investing in cutting-edge facilities, and supporting the growth of our quantum companies, we can create an ecosystem that will power our economy and make it really hum.

I often compare the potential impact of quantum technology to the development of GPS. Thirty years ago, GPS was a niche tool used primarily by the military and a handful of scientists. Today, it’s an integral part of our daily lives—we use it to navigate, to hail rides, to track our fitness, and for countless other applications. We barely even think about it, but it’s always there, humming away in the background, making everything work a little bit better.

That’s how I envision the role of quantum in our future economy. It will be the GPS of the 21st century—a pervasive, invisible layer of technology that underlies and enhances every aspect of our lives. And just as with GPS, the countries that master quantum technology first will reap enormous economic and strategic advantages.

The UK has a proud history of leadership in science and innovation, from Newton and Darwin to Turing and Berners-Lee. With the right investments and the right strategy, I believe we can add quantum technology to that illustrious list. The hum of the quantum revolution is growing louder—and the UK is poised to help conduct the symphony.

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